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Bile acids and their effects on diabetes

Cynthia Rajani, Wei Jia

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 6,   Pages 608-623 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0644-x

Abstract: Diabetes is a widespread, rapidly increasing metabolic disease that is driven by hyperglycemia.Even after hyperglycemia has been brought under control, “metabolic memory,” a cluster of irreversiblemetabolic changes that allow diabetes to progress, may persist depending on the duration of hyperglycemia

Keywords： bile acids     metabolic memory     diabetes     circadian rhythm     bariatric surgery    

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An extended thermo-mechanically coupled algorithm for simulation of superelasticity and shape memoryeffect in shape memory alloys

S. HASHEMI,H. AHMADIAN,S. MOHAMMADI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 466-477 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0300-3

Abstract: Thermo-mechanical coupling in shape memory alloys is a very complicated phenomenon.temperature-dependent variation of its mechanical behavior in the forms of superelasticity and shape memoryproposed based on the original model of Lagoudas to efficiently model both superelasticity and shape memory

Keywords： shape memory alloy     thermo-mechanical coupling     superplasticity     shape memory effect    

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New insights into different surfactants’ impacts on sludge fermentation: Focusing on the particular metabolic

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1527-6

Abstract:

• The promoting effects for VFA generation follow the order of APG>SDBS>HTAB.

Keywords： Waste activated sludge (WAS)     Volatile fatty acids (VFA)     Surfactant types     Functional microorganisms     Metabolic    

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Application of metal magnetic memory test in failure analysis and safety evaluation of vessels

Yiliang ZHANG, Song YANG, Xuedong XU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2009, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 40-48 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0003-3

Abstract: Metal magnetic memory test (MMMT), which is a new subject in the field of nondestructive examination,

Keywords： Metal magnetic memory test (MMMT)     nondestructive testing (NDT)     residual stress     propylene purifier     ammonia    

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Hyperglycemic memory in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 1,   Pages 25-38 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0881-2

Abstract: This process is now referred to as hyperglycemic memory (HGM) phenomenon.

Keywords： diabetes     diabetic cardiomyopathy     hyperglycemic memory    

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Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice

Zhiming Zhu, Peijian Wang, Shuangtao Ma

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 201-206 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0264-4

Abstract: More than 60% of the risk factors for hypertension are associated with metabolic disturbances.Metabolic abnormalities increase the risk for hypertension and cause high blood pressure.Improving metabolic disturbances is beneficial for hypertension treatment.Due to the importance of metabolic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we propose a conceptof metabolic hypertension.

Keywords： hypertension     cardiometabolic risk factors     metabolic abnormalities    

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Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Jianping Ye

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 139-145 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0377-z

Abstract:

In obesity, chronic inflammation is believed to induce insulin resistance and impairs adipose tissue function. Although this view is supported by a large body of literature, it has been challenged by growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor insulin sensitivity through induction of energy expenditure. In this review article, interleukin 15 (IL-15) is used as a new example to explain the beneficial effects of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-15 is secreted by multiple types of cells including macrophages, neutrophils and skeletal muscle cells. IL-15 expression is induced in immune cells by endotoxin and in muscle cells by physical exercise. Its transcription is induced by transcription factor NF-κB. IL-15 binds to its receptor that contains three different subunits (α, β and γ) to activate JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, IKK/NF-κB and JNK/AP1 pathways in cells. In the regulation of metabolism, IL-15 reduces weight gain without inhibiting food intake in rodents. IL-15 suppresses lipogenesis, stimulates brown fat function, improves insulin sensitivity through weight loss and energy expenditure. In human, circulating IL-15 is negatively associated with body weight. In the immune system, IL-15 stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells, NK cells, monocytes and neutrophils. In the anti-obesity effects of IL-15, T cells and NK cells are not required, but leptin receptor is required. In summary, evidence from human and rodents supports that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-15 may enhance energy expenditure to protect the body from obesity and type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of IL-15 action remains to be fully uncovered in the regulation of energy expenditure.

Keywords： inflammation     obesity     cytokine     energy expenditure     insulin resistance    

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electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated with metabolic

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 679-692 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0866-1

Abstract: Metabolic reprogramming, such as abnormal utilization of glucose, addiction to glutamine, and increasedelectron transfer (PET), which is used to characterize the degree of electron redistribution coupled with metabolicEnabling electron transfer could drive metabolic reprogramming in cancer metabolism.

Keywords： metabolic reprogramming     potential of electron transfer     cell proliferation     aerobic glycolysis     cancer    

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Fibroblast growth factor 21: a novel metabolic regulator from pharmacology to physiology

Huating Li, Jing Zhang, Weiping Jia

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 25-30 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0244-8

Abstract: relevance of FGF21 in humans is still unclear, and the basis and consequences of increased FGF21 in metabolicpharmacological actions and physiological roles make FGF21 attractive drug candidates for treating metabolic

Keywords： FGF21     metabolism     pharmacology     physiology     clinical relevance    

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Metformin and metabolic diseases: a focus on hepatic aspects

Juan Zheng,Shih-Lung Woo,Xiang Hu,Rachel Botchlett,Lulu Chen,Yuqing Huo,Chaodong Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 173-186 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0384-0

Abstract:

Metformin has been widely used as a first-line anti-diabetic medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). As a drug that primarily targets the liver, metformin suppresses hepatic glucose production (HGP), serving as the main mechanism by which metformin improves hyperglycemia of T2D. Biochemically, metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis. Metformin also inhibits glycogenolysis, which is a pathway that critically contributes to elevated HGP. While generating beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, metformin also improves insulin resistance and corrects dyslipidemia in patients with T2D. These beneficial effects of metformin implicate a role for metformin in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As supported by the results from both human and animal studies, metformin improves hepatic steatosis and suppresses liver inflammation. Mechanistically, the beneficial effects of metformin on hepatic aspects are mediated through both adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and AMPK-independent pathways. In addition, metformin is generally safe and may also benefit patients with other chronic liver diseases.

Keywords： metformin     diabetes     hepatic steatosis     inflammatory response     insulin resistance    

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denitrification system with short-term pyridine exposure: Process capability, inhibition kinetics and metabolic

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1433-3

Abstract:

• Short-term effect of the pyridine exposure on the SAD process was investigated.

Keywords： Anammox     Inhibition     Metabolic pathway     Microbial community     Pyridine     SAD    

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Water-dispersible nano-pollutions reshape microbial metabolism in type-specific manners: A metabolic

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 9, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1548-1

Abstract:

• Water-dispersible nano-pollutions exhibit type-specific toxic effects on E. coli.

Keywords： Nano-toxicity     Nano-plastics     Quantum dots     Microbial metabolite     Metabolic dysregulation    

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Temperature effects of shape memory alloys (SMAs) in damage control design of steel portal frames

Xiaoqun LUO, Hanbin GE, Tsutomu USAMI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 348-357 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0176-4

Abstract: study is to analytically investigate temperature effects of an axial-type seismic damper made of shape memory

Keywords： damage control design     shape memory alloy     temperature effect    

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The FGF metabolic axis

Xiaokun Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 5,   Pages 511-530 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0711-y

Abstract: Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family play pleiotropic roles in cellular and metabolicFGF19 metabolic axis from the ileum to liver negatively controls diurnal bile acid biosynthesis.FGF21 metabolic axes play multifaceted roles in controlling the homeostasis of lipid, glucose, and energyFGF23 axes from the bone to kidney and parathyroid regulate metabolic homeostasis of phosphate, calciumThus, the term “FGF Metabolic Axis,” which distinguishes the unique pathways and functions of endocrine

Keywords： FGF19     FGF21     FGF23     FGFR     metabolism     endocrine     Klotho    

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A novel shape memory alloy actuated soft gripper imitated hand behavior

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0700-8

Abstract: The limited length shrinkage of shape memory alloy (SMA) wire seriously limits the motion range of SMA-based

Keywords： shape memory alloy (SMA)     pre bent     wire     gripper     grasping mode     lightweight    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Bile acids and their effects on diabetes

Cynthia Rajani, Wei Jia

Journal Article

An extended thermo-mechanically coupled algorithm for simulation of superelasticity and shape memoryeffect in shape memory alloys

S. HASHEMI,H. AHMADIAN,S. MOHAMMADI

Journal Article

New insights into different surfactants’ impacts on sludge fermentation: Focusing on the particular metabolic

Journal Article

Application of metal magnetic memory test in failure analysis and safety evaluation of vessels

Yiliang ZHANG, Song YANG, Xuedong XU

Journal Article

Hyperglycemic memory in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Journal Article

Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice

Zhiming Zhu, Peijian Wang, Shuangtao Ma

Journal Article

Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Jianping Ye

Journal Article

electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated with metabolic

Journal Article

Fibroblast growth factor 21: a novel metabolic regulator from pharmacology to physiology

Huating Li, Jing Zhang, Weiping Jia

Journal Article

Metformin and metabolic diseases: a focus on hepatic aspects

Juan Zheng,Shih-Lung Woo,Xiang Hu,Rachel Botchlett,Lulu Chen,Yuqing Huo,Chaodong Wu

Journal Article

denitrification system with short-term pyridine exposure: Process capability, inhibition kinetics and metabolic

Journal Article

Water-dispersible nano-pollutions reshape microbial metabolism in type-specific manners: A metabolic

Journal Article

Temperature effects of shape memory alloys (SMAs) in damage control design of steel portal frames

Xiaoqun LUO, Hanbin GE, Tsutomu USAMI

Journal Article

The FGF metabolic axis

Xiaokun Li

Journal Article

A novel shape memory alloy actuated soft gripper imitated hand behavior

Journal Article